Waterproofing is essential to any building project, protecting structures from water damage and ensuring longevity. Choosing the right waterproofing material can make all the difference, as each type has its strengths and weaknesses.
This post will examine some of the most widely used waterproofing solutions, from polyurethane to bituminous membranes. Understanding the pros and cons of these materials will help you choose the best option for your next building project.
Let’s get straight to the point.
Choosing the right waterproofing material is crucial for protecting buildings from water damage. Popular options include Polyurethane, known for durability and ease of application but costly; Cementitious Waterproofing, which is affordable but inflexible; EPDM Rubber, which is flexible and durable but limited to specific applications; and Rubber Asphalt, which is resilient but has environmental concerns.
Thermoplastic offers a long lifespan but is expensive, while Bituminous Membranes are cost-effective but not eco-friendly. PVC Membranes provide excellent moisture resistance but come at a high cost.
Polyurethane
Polyurethane is a highly versatile material commonly used for waterproofing roofs, walls, and balconies.
It forms a seamless membrane that ensures effective water resistance. This material fills small gaps and cracks, creating a protective layer that prevents water from seeping.
Benefits Of Polyurethane
- Ease of Application: Polyurethane is easy to apply. It spreads evenly over surfaces, filling in small gaps and cracks, making it an effective barrier against water.
- Chemical Resistance: The material is highly resistant to oils, detergents, and various chemicals, making it ideal for areas exposed to these substances.
- Durability: Polyurethane membranes have a long lifespan, typically around 25 years, with minimal maintenance.
Drawbacks Of Polyurethane
- Cost: Polyurethane is more expensive than other waterproofing materials. On average, it costs about $10 per square metre, making it a costlier choice for large-scale applications.
- Health Risks: Polyurethane contains chemicals that can pose health risks if inhaled or if it comes into contact with the skin. Due to these risks, it is recommended that only professionals handle the application process.
Cementitious Waterproofing
Cementitious waterproofing is widely used, especially for basements, foundations, and water treatment facilities.
It is made from sand, silica-based chemicals, and other organic and inorganic components. This material is valued for its simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
Benefits Of Cementitious Waterproofing
- Ease of Use: The material is easy to mix and apply, making it a preferred choice for professionals who need a straightforward waterproofing solution.
- Cost-Effective: Cementitious coatings are affordable, with labour costs typically between $2 and $4 per square foot.
- Durability: When properly applied, cementitious waterproofing can last several years, providing reliable protection for structures like foundations and basements.
Drawbacks Of Cementitious Waterproofing
- Lack of Flexibility: Cementitious coatings are rigid and can crack over time, especially in areas subject to temperature fluctuations. This lack of flexibility makes it less suitable for areas that experience significant movement or stress.
EPDM Rubber
EPDM rubber, or ethylene propylene diene monomer, is a synthetic rubber material often used for waterproofing roofs.
Its flexibility makes it ideal for environments that experience expansion and contraction due to changing weather conditions. This property makes EPDM rubber a popular choice for roofing applications.
Benefits Of EPDM Rubber
- Flexibility: EPDM rubber is highly flexible and can stretch and bend without breaking. This makes it perfect for areas that experience regular movement, such as rooftops that expand and contract with temperature changes.
- Durability: EPDM membranes are long-lasting and can withstand decades of use with minimal maintenance, making them a reliable choice for roofing projects.
- Cost-Effective: EPDM rubber is an affordable waterproofing solution with prices ranging from $3.25 to $15 per square metre.
Drawbacks Of EPDM Rubber
- Limited to Specific Applications: While EPDM rubber excels in roofing applications, it is only sometimes suitable for other waterproofing needs, such as basements or foundations.
Rubber Asphalt
Rubber asphalt is a durable waterproofing material frequently used in commercial projects such as roofs, parking garages, and bridges. It is a popular choice due to its resilience against the elements and long lifespan.
Benefits Of Rubber Asphalt
- Durability: Rubberised asphalt is extremely resistant to wear and tear, making it ideal for areas with high traffic and environmental exposure.
- Quick Drying Time: One key advantage of this material is that it dries quickly—typically within three to four hours—making it efficient for large-scale projects.
- Effective for High-Traffic Areas: Its resistance to wear and tear makes it suitable for use in high-traffic areas, such as parking garages and bridges.
Drawbacks Of Rubberised Asphalt
- Environmental Concerns: Derived from crude oil, rubberised asphalt raises concerns about its environmental impact. It is not considered an eco-friendly option due to its petroleum base.
- Cost: Rubberised asphalt can be expensive, varying depending on the project. A 4.75-gallon bucket of rubberised asphalt costs approximately $50, making it a significant investment for larger projects.
Thermoplastic
Thermoplastic waterproofing is made from elastomers, which provide flexibility and durability. This material is often used in heavy-duty applications and is known for its long lifespan, with some applications lasting over 50 years.
Benefits Of Thermoplastic
- Long Lifespan: Thermoplastic waterproofing can last up to 50 years, making it one of the most durable materials.
- High Impact Resistance: The material is resistant to impact, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications where the waterproofing solution needs to withstand physical stress.
- Flexible Application: When heated, thermoplastic becomes semi-solid, allowing for a seamless application that adheres well to various surfaces.
Drawbacks Of Thermoplastic
- Cost: Thermoplastic is one of the more expensive waterproofing materials. For 48-inch-wide sheets, it can cost up to $10 per pound or $42 per roll, which can add up quickly for larger projects.
Bituminous Membrane
Bituminous membrane waterproofing is a versatile option used in residential and commercial buildings. It is made from bitumen, a mixture of asphalt and other components, and is known for its excellent water resistance.
Benefits Of Bituminous Membrane
- Cost-Effective: Bituminous membranes are affordable, ranging from $2.73 to $5.21 per square foot, making them a popular choice for budget-conscious projects.
- Effective for Various Applications: Bituminous membranes are widely used for waterproofing roofs, basements, and parking lots due to their high water resistance and versatility across different applications.
Drawbacks Of Bituminous Membrane
- Environmental Impact: Like rubberised asphalt, bituminous membranes are made from crude oil, which raises concerns about sustainability and environmental impact.
- Fire Hazard: Bituminous membranes, as the material is flammable, can pose a fire risk in high-temperature environments. This limits their use in certain applications where fire safety is a concern.
PVC Membrane
PVC membranes are widely used in roofing due to their high moisture resistance. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membranes are durable and can be reinforced for additional strength, making them a reliable waterproofing solution for many industries.
Benefits Of PVC Membrane
- Water Resistance: PVC membranes provide excellent protection against moisture, making them ideal for roofing and other applications where water exposure is a concern.
- Ease of Installation: PVC is quick and simple to install, reducing labour time and costs. This makes it a convenient option for both residential and commercial projects.
- Long Lifespan: With proper maintenance, PVC membranes can last many years, offering a long-term waterproofing solution.
Drawbacks Of PVC Membrane
- Cost: PVC membranes can be expensive, with some rolls costing up to $55 per linear foot. This makes PVC a more costly option compared to other waterproofing materials.
Conclusion
Each waterproofing material offers distinct advantages and drawbacks. Polyurethane, for instance, is versatile and durable but has health risks and a higher cost.
Cementitious waterproofing is simple and affordable but lacks flexibility. EPDM rubber is flexible and durable but limited in its applications.
Rubberised asphalt is quick to apply and durable but poses environmental concerns. Thermoplastic is long-lasting and durable but expensive.
Bituminous membranes are cost-effective but raise environmental and safety concerns. PVC membranes are water-resistant and long-lasting but expensive.
FAQs About Waterproofing
What Is Cementitious Waterproofing?
Cementitious waterproofing is a unique type of waterproofing that relies on cement. Cement can create a moisture barrier for cement walls and floors when used correctly.
The barrier will be epoxy or latex mixes, which will be applied as a sealant for the basement or other foundations.
Cement waterproofing can be very beneficial for many purposes. However, it’s primarily used in the basement or crawl spaces. This type of waterproofing is great as long as it is used for the right applications.
How Does Crystalline Waterproofing Work?
During your search, you will likely encounter the term crystalline waterproofing. However, you may need help understanding it. Crystalline waterproofing is an effective and economical way to add waterproofing to your home.
In this situation, the professional will waterproof the object using silicone-based crystalline. A contact angle will be created between the surface of the material and the liquid drop.
The angle needs to be higher to ensure that the surface is hydrophobic. This technique modifies the surface energy to ensure that it will be protected against water.
Which type of waterproofing is the most expensive?
The polyurethane liquid membrane waterproofing method is used for flat roof areas exposed to weather conditions. It is expensive compared to others, but it offers greater flexibility.
Where Is Waterproofing Used?
Waterproofing is used for building structures (such as basements, decks, or wet areas), watercraft, canvas, clothing (raincoats or waders), electronic devices and paper packaging (such as cartons for liquids).
Do I Need To Hire A Professional To Waterproof It?
Yes, it’s advisable to hire a professional waterproofing specialist. They can assess your home’s needs and recommend the most effective solution, whether interior, exterior or a combination of both methods.
